N-Propanol: Chinhu Chinokosha Chemakemikari Asina Kugadzirwa
Minda mikuru yekushandisa
Muindasitiri yemakemikari, n-propanol chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa. Inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita se acrylic acid, acrylate compounds, propyl acetate, propyl urea, uye bromopropane. Zvinhu izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira mapurasitiki, machira, zvinonamira, zvinonhuhwirira, uye zvinowedzera chikafu. Semuenzaniso, acrylic acid nema esters ayo zvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzira machira nezvinonamira zvine simba; propyl acetate inowanzoshandiswa mumaindasitiri ekugadzira zvinhu zvakasikwa uye zvinonamira se solvent inofashaira zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inogona kuomeswa nemvura kuti igadzire propylene, inova chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemapurasitiki e polypropylene.
Muindasitiri yemishonga, n-propanol inoshandiswa kugadzira mishonga yakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, probenecid, iyo inoshandiswa kurapa gout, ine n-propanol sechinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwayo; valproate sodium, mushonga wekudzivirira epileptic, unoshandawo pa n-propanol mukugadzirwa kwayo. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inoshandiswa semushonga wemishonga, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwejekiseni nezvinwiwa zvinonwiwa. Inogona kunyungudutsa zvikamu zvakawanda zvemishonga zvisinganyunguduke, zvichiwedzera kugadzikana uye kuwanikwa kwemishonga.
Muzvizoro uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza muviri, n-propanol inowanzo shandiswa semushonga unonyungudutsa. Inogona kunyungudutsa zvinobudirira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshanda, zvinonhuhwirira, uye pigments, zvichibatsira kuti zvinhu izvi zviparadzirwe zviri nani muzvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzira zvinonhuhwirira, n-propanol inogona kushandiswa semushonga unonyungudutsa zvakaenzana zvinhu zvinonhuhwirira, zvichiwedzera kugara kwenguva refu uye kugadzikana kwezvinonhuhwirira. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inogona kushandiswa semushonga unouraya utachiona pakuchenesa nekuuraya utachiona muzvipatara, marabhoritari, nedzimba. Ine mhedzisiro yakanaka yekuuraya utachiona, inogona kuuraya mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi zvinobudirira, uye ine kugadzikana kuri pakati nepakati, isingasiyi masara mushure mekushandisa.
Munzvimbo dzekuchenesa nedzemafuta, n-propanol inoshandiswa kugadzira mabhureki. Ine kunyungudika kwakanaka uye inonyorova, ichideredza kukweshana mumabhureki uye ichivandudza mashandiro emabhureki. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inogona kushandiswa sechinowedzera mafuta mumafuta akasanganiswa kuti ivandudze mashandiro ekupisa. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera huwandu hushoma hwen-propanol mupeturu kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro ayo ekudzivirira kugogodza uye mashandiro ekupisa ukuwo ichideredza kuburitswa kwemhepo inobuda.
Hunhu hwemakemikari hwe n-propanol hunoita kuti ive chigadzirwa chemakemikari chinosiyana-siyana. Ine kunyungudika kwakanaka uye inogona kusanganiswa nemvura, maalcohols, ethers, nezvimwe zvinonyungudutsa zvakawanda. Nekufashaira kwe97.2°C uye kunyunguduka kwe -127°C, n-propanol ine chepfu shoma asi inogona kukonzera kutsamwa kumaziso, nzira yekufema, uye ganda zvakanyanya. Saka, panguva yekushandiswa nekuchengetedzwa, michina yekudzivirira yakakodzera inofanira kupfekwa kudzivirira kusangana neganda nemaziso, uye mhepo yakanaka inofanira kuchengetedzwa.
Muindasitiri yemishonga, n-propanol inoshandiswa kugadzira mishonga yakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, probenecid, iyo inoshandiswa kurapa gout, ine n-propanol sechinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwayo; valproate sodium, mushonga wekudzivirira epileptic, unoshandawo pa n-propanol mukugadzirwa kwayo. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inoshandiswa semushonga wemishonga, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwejekiseni nezvinwiwa zvinonwiwa. Inogona kunyungudutsa zvikamu zvakawanda zvemishonga zvisinganyunguduke, zvichiwedzera kugadzikana uye kuwanikwa kwemishonga.
Muzvizoro uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza muviri, n-propanol inowanzo shandiswa semushonga unonyungudutsa. Inogona kunyungudutsa zvinobudirira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshanda, zvinonhuhwirira, uye pigments, zvichibatsira kuti zvinhu izvi zviparadzirwe zviri nani muzvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzira zvinonhuhwirira, n-propanol inogona kushandiswa semushonga unonyungudutsa zvakaenzana zvinhu zvinonhuhwirira, zvichiwedzera kugara kwenguva refu uye kugadzikana kwezvinonhuhwirira. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inogona kushandiswa semushonga unouraya utachiona pakuchenesa nekuuraya utachiona muzvipatara, marabhoritari, nedzimba. Ine mhedzisiro yakanaka yekuuraya utachiona, inogona kuuraya mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi zvinobudirira, uye ine kugadzikana kuri pakati nepakati, isingasiyi masara mushure mekushandisa.
Munzvimbo dzekuchenesa nedzemafuta, n-propanol inoshandiswa kugadzira mabhureki. Ine kunyungudika kwakanaka uye inonyorova, ichideredza kukweshana mumabhureki uye ichivandudza mashandiro emabhureki. Pamusoro pezvo, n-propanol inogona kushandiswa sechinowedzera mafuta mumafuta akasanganiswa kuti ivandudze mashandiro ekupisa. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera huwandu hushoma hwen-propanol mupeturu kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro ayo ekudzivirira kugogodza uye mashandiro ekupisa ukuwo ichideredza kuburitswa kwemhepo inobuda.
Hunhu hwemakemikari hwe n-propanol hunoita kuti ive chigadzirwa chemakemikari chinosiyana-siyana. Ine kunyungudika kwakanaka uye inogona kusanganiswa nemvura, maalcohols, ethers, nezvimwe zvinonyungudutsa zvakawanda. Nekufashaira kwe97.2°C uye kunyunguduka kwe -127°C, n-propanol ine chepfu shoma asi inogona kukonzera kutsamwa kumaziso, nzira yekufema, uye ganda zvakanyanya. Saka, panguva yekushandiswa nekuchengetedzwa, michina yekudzivirira yakakodzera inofanira kupfekwa kudzivirira kusangana neganda nemaziso, uye mhepo yakanaka inofanira kuchengetedzwa.
Magadzirirwo
| Zita rechigadzirwa | N-propanol | |||||||||
| MF | C3H8O | |||||||||
| Chitarisiko | Mvura ine viscous isina ruvara | |||||||||
| Kirasi yeNjodzi | 3 | |||||||||
| Kuchena | 99.5% Minimum | |||||||||
| MW | 60.1 | |||||||||
| Nhamba yeCAS | 71-23-8 | |||||||||
| Kodhi yeHS | 29094100 | |||||||||
| EINECS Kwete | 200-746-9 | |||||||||
| Kwete | 1274 | |||||||||
| Kushandiswa | Chinonyungudutsa, kunhuhwirira, chemakemikari chepakati | |||||||||
Pepa Rekudzora Hunhu
| Zita rechigadzirwa | Doro reN-Propyl | ||||||
| Chinhu | Magadzirirwo | Mhedzisiro | |||||
| Kuwanda (p20°C)/g/cm3 | 0.795~0.805 | 0.802 | |||||
| huwandu hwe n-propanol/%≥ | 99.5 | 99.9 | |||||
| Hunyoro/%≤ ≤ | 0.1 | 0.02 | |||||
| HaZen≤ | 10 | 5 | |||||
| Asidhi (seacetic acid)/%≤ | 0.003 | 0.001 | |||||
Muchidimbu
Muchidimbu, n-propanol, semusanganiswa wezvinhu zvakawanda zve organic, inoita basa rakakosha muminda yakawanda. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa dziri kuwedzera, kudiwa kwemusika we n-propanol kucharamba kuchikura. Mune ramangwana, mikana yekushandisa n-propanol ichave yakakura, kunyanya muminda yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza nekusimudzira nharaunda, uko n-propanol inotarisirwa kuva chinhu chakakosha chemakemikari egirini.