Kusanganiswa Kwemvura Kunoshanda Zvikuru: Kuvandudza Kushanda Kwekongiri Kwekuvaka Zvakasvibira
Minda mikuru yekushandisa
Zvinhu zvinoderedza mvura zvinoshandisa simba guru (zvakadai sezvinhu zvinosanganiswa ne polycarboxylate) zvinomiririra mhando yepamusoro-soro yezvinhu zvinoderedza mvura zviripo pamusika. Zvinoshanda nekugadzira jira rekupararira pamusoro pezvikamu zvesimende, zvichidzivirira kuungana kwezvikamu zvesimende uye nokudaro zvichivandudza kufamba zvakanaka kwekongiri. Kupararira uku hakungoderedzi chete kushandiswa kwemvura asiwo kunowedzera huwandu uye simba rekongiri. Zvichienzaniswa nezvinhu zvinoderedza mvura zvechinyakare, mhando dzinoshandisa simba guru dzinopa mwero wekudzikisa mvura (kazhinji 25%-40%) uye zvinodiwa zvishoma zvemuyero (kazhinji 0.1%-0.3% yehuwandu hwese hwezvinhu zvinosimbisa simende), zvine mhedzisiro diki kune zvakatipoteredza.
Mumapurojekiti ekuvaka, kushandiswa kwemidziyo inoderedza mvura kunogona kuwedzera simba rekudzvanya uye kuramba mvura kwekongiri, zvichiwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kwezvivakwa. Semuenzaniso, mukuvaka zvivakwa zvirefu nemabhiriji makuru, michina inoderedza mvura inoshanda zvakanaka inoita kuti kongiri ifambe zvakanaka pasi pezvinodiwa zvakasimba, zvichiita kuti mabasa ekuvaka afambe zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, michina inoderedza mvura inogona kuderedza kubuda ropa uye kupatsanurwa kwekongiri, zvichiita kuti ive yakafanana uye igare yakafanana.
Munyaya yekuvaka zvirimwa, hunhu hwezvakatipoteredza hwezvinhu zvinoderedza mvura hunonyanya kukosha. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoderedza mvura zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimbi kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimende, nokudaro zvichideredza kuburitswa kwecarbon. Uyezve, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kugara kwenguva refu kwekongiri, zvichideredza mari yekugadzirisa uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvezvivakwa. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoderedza mvura zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimbi zvakawanawo zvitupa zvepasi rose zvezvakatipoteredza, zvichienderana nezvinangwa zvekusimudzira zvakatipoteredza zvekuvaka zvirimwa.
Nekuvandudzwa kuri kuramba kuchiita tekinoroji yekuvaka, kushandiswa kwezvinobatanidza mvura kuri kuwedzerawo. Semuenzaniso, mukongiri inoshanda zvakanyanya (HPC) uye kongiri inozvibatanidza pachayo (SCC), zvinobatanidza mvura zvinovaka muviri ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinovimbisa hunhu hwekongiri hunodzikamisa muviri pasi pemamiriro ekusimba kwakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinobatanidza mvura zvinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinobatanidza mvura (zvakadai sezvinodzora mvura uye zvinopinza mhepo) kuti zviwedzere kunaka kwehunhu hwekongiri.
Mumapurojekiti ekuvaka, kushandiswa kwemidziyo inoderedza mvura kunogona kuwedzera simba rekudzvanya uye kuramba mvura kwekongiri, zvichiwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kwezvivakwa. Semuenzaniso, mukuvaka zvivakwa zvirefu nemabhiriji makuru, michina inoderedza mvura inoshanda zvakanaka inoita kuti kongiri ifambe zvakanaka pasi pezvinodiwa zvakasimba, zvichiita kuti mabasa ekuvaka afambe zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, michina inoderedza mvura inogona kuderedza kubuda ropa uye kupatsanurwa kwekongiri, zvichiita kuti ive yakafanana uye igare yakafanana.
Munyaya yekuvaka zvirimwa, hunhu hwezvakatipoteredza hwezvinhu zvinoderedza mvura hunonyanya kukosha. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoderedza mvura zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimbi kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimende, nokudaro zvichideredza kuburitswa kwecarbon. Uyezve, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kugara kwenguva refu kwekongiri, zvichideredza mari yekugadzirisa uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvezvivakwa. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoderedza mvura zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimbi zvakawanawo zvitupa zvepasi rose zvezvakatipoteredza, zvichienderana nezvinangwa zvekusimudzira zvakatipoteredza zvekuvaka zvirimwa.
Nekuvandudzwa kuri kuramba kuchiita tekinoroji yekuvaka, kushandiswa kwezvinobatanidza mvura kuri kuwedzerawo. Semuenzaniso, mukongiri inoshanda zvakanyanya (HPC) uye kongiri inozvibatanidza pachayo (SCC), zvinobatanidza mvura zvinovaka muviri ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinovimbisa hunhu hwekongiri hunodzikamisa muviri pasi pemamiriro ekusimba kwakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinobatanidza mvura zvinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinobatanidza mvura (zvakadai sezvinodzora mvura uye zvinopinza mhepo) kuti zviwedzere kunaka kwehunhu hwekongiri.
Magadzirirwo
| Zita rechigadzirwa | Sodium Naphthalene Sulphonate Formaldehyde (SNF/PNS/FDN/NSF) | |||||||||
| Mamwe Mazita | Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate | |||||||||
| Naphthalene Formaldehyde ine Sulphonated | ||||||||||
| Superplasticizer Yakavakirwa paNaphthalene | ||||||||||
| Zviri MuSodium Sulphate | 5% 10% 18% | |||||||||
| Chitarisiko | Upfu hwebrown hwakareruka | |||||||||
| Kurongedza | Bhegi re25KG | |||||||||
| Nhamba yeCAS | 36290-04-7 | |||||||||
| Kodhi yeHS | 38244010 | |||||||||
| Huwandu | 14-15MTS ye 20'FCL | |||||||||
| Kushandiswa | Kusanganiswa kwekongiri, kunovandudza kufamba kwemvura | |||||||||
Pepa Rekudzora Hunhu
| ZVINHU | SNF-A | SNF-B | SNF-C | ||||
| Zviri Mukati Zvakasimba ≥ | 92% | 92% | 92% | ||||
| Kukosha kwePH | 7-9 | 7-9 | 7-9 | ||||
| Zviri MumaChlorides ≤ | 0.30% | 0.40% | 0.50% | ||||
| Zviri MuSodium Sulfate ≤ | 5% | 10% | 18% | ||||
| Net Starch Fluidity (mm) ≥ | 250 | 240 | 230 | ||||
| Mwero weKuderedza Mvura Wakanyanya (%) | 26 | 25 | 23 |
Muchidimbu
Zvinhu zvinoderedza mvura zvinowedzerwawo mu tekinoroji yemazuva ano yekongiri. Hazvingobatsiri chete pakugadzira kongiri asiwo zvinotsigira kuvaka kwezvakatipoteredza uye budiriro inogara kwenguva refu. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, mikana yekushandisa zvinhu zvinoderedza mvura ichave yakakura.