Global - Premier TDI: Chivako Chinokosha Muindasitiri yePolyurethane

Hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari

Chitarisiko uye Kunhuhwirira: TDI inowanzoonekwa semvura isina ruvara inopenya kana kuti yero zvishoma, inobvira moto zvakanyanya. Inoburitsa hwema hunorwadza, hwakasimba, uye hunotsamwisa, hunoshanda sechiratidzo chakakosha chekuvapo kwayo.
Kunyunguduka uye Kuchinja-chinja: Inogona kusanganiswa nyore nyore nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonyungudutsa zvakaita se ethanol (nekuora), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethyl ether, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, chlorobenzene, parafini, uye mafuta emuorivhi. Chimwe chezvinhu zvayo zvemakemikari zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvekuti inoshanda sei nemvura, iyo inogadzira gasi re carbon dioxide. Pamusoro pezvo, TDI inogona kukurumidza kuita nemakomichi ane maatomu ehydrogen anoshanda, chinhu chinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akawanda.
Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvemuviri: TDI ine poindi yekufashaira inosvika 247℃, iyo inosarudza tembiricha yainochinja kubva pamvura kuenda kugasi pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemhepo kwakajairika. Poindi yayo yekunyunguduka inotangira pa19.5 kusvika 21.5℃, zvichiratidza tembiricha iri pasi payo inosimba. Poindi yekushama yeTDI i127℃, zvichireva kuti patembiricha iyi, inogona kuburitsa utsi hunobvira kana paine chinhu chinobatidza. Nehuwandu hwe1.217, ine density yakawanda kupfuura mvura, izvo zvine chekuita nekubata kwayo nekupatsanurwa kwayo mumamiriro eindasitiri nenharaunda.

Nzvimbo dzeKushandisa

Kugadzirwa kwePolyurethane Foam: TDI ndiyo musimboti mukugadzirwa kwemafuro epolyurethane, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akawanda. Muchikamu chefenicha, mafuro epolyurethane akapfava akagadzirwa neTDI ndiwo anonyanya kusarudzwa pakugadzira macushion akasununguka uye anotsigira mumasofa, zvigaro zvemaoko, nemamatiresi. Muindasitiri yemotokari, mafuro aya anoshandiswa muzvigaro zvemotokari, zvichipa nyaradzo nekuchengetedzwa nekunwisa mashock panguva yekutyaira. Pamusoro pezvo, mafuro epolyurethane akavakirwa paTDI anoshandiswa mukushandiswa kwekudzivirira kupisa, senge mumafiriji nezvinhu zvekudzivirira kupisa zvekuvaka, nekuda kwehunhu hwawo hwakanaka hwekudzivirira kupisa.
Mapendi uye Zvinonamira: TDI inoita basa guru mukugadzira machira ekunamira neanamatira anoshanda zvakanyanya. Muindasitiri yezvekunamira, ma polyurethane akavakirwa paTDI anoshandiswa kugadzira machira akasimba, anodzivirira kukwenya, uye anodzivirira makemikari emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu, zvinosanganisira simbi, mapurasitiki, nematanda. Machira aya anoshandiswa mukugadzira mota, kugadzira pasi, uye kugadzira michina yeindasitiri. Mumusika wezvekunamira, machira ane TDI anokosheswa nekuda kwekugona kwawo kwakasimba kwekubatanidza. Anoshandiswa mukubatanidza fenicha, kubatana kwezvikamu zvemotokari, uye muindasitiri yekuvaka yekubatanidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvaka.
Kugadzira Elastomer: TDI inoshandiswa kugadzira ma polyurethane elastomers, ayo anobatanidza hunhu hwerabha nepurasitiki. Ma elastomers aya anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai sekugadzira shangu, uko anopa kuchinjika kwakanaka, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kunyungudutsa shock. Anoshandiswawo mukugadzira maindasitiri ezvisimbiso nemagasket, uko kusapindirana kwawo nemakemikari, kukwesha, uye tembiricha yepamusoro kunoita kuti akwanise kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma.

Nzira dzekugadzirira

Nzira dzechinyakare dzePhosgenation
2,4 - Nzira yeAmino Toluene: Maitiro acho anotanga nekunyungudutsa 2,4 - amino toluene woinyungudutsa mu chlorobenzene. Mushonga uyu unozosanganiswa ne phosgene nenzira yematanho maviri. Kutanga, maitiro ekupisa akaderera anoitika mukati mehurefu hwe35 - 45℃. Zvadaro, maitiro ekupisa akakwira anoitika pahurefu huri pasi pe130℃. Mushure mekunge maitiro acho apera, gasi re nitrogen rinounzwa kuti ribudise chero hydrogen chloride isina kugadziriswa uye phosgene yakawandisa. Chlorobenzene inozobviswa, uye danho rekupedzisira rinosanganisira vacuum distillation kuti pave neTDI yakachena.
Nzira yeNitro Toluene: Munzira iyi, nitro toluene inotanga yaiswa nitrate yozoderedzwa kusvika yawana 2,4 - diaminotoluene. Iyi intermediate inozoiswa muphosgenation, uko inopindirana nephosgene kuumba TDI. Musanganiswa wereaction unozogadziriswa kuti uparadzanise uye uchenese chigadzirwa cheTDI.
Nzira Dziri Kubuda Dzekusiyana
Nzira Dzisiri dzePhosgene: Mumakore achangopfuura, kwave nekutariswa kuri kukura pakugadzira nzira dzisiri dzephosgene dzekugadzira TDI mukuyedza kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa nekushandiswa kwephosgene. Semuenzaniso, kumwe kutsvagurudza kuri kutsvaga kushandiswa kwemamwe ma reagents uye mamiriro ekuita kuti TDI iite pasina chikonzero chephosgene. Zvisinei, nzira idzi dzichiri muchikamu chekuvandudzwa uye hadzisati dzashandiswa zvakanyanya mukutengeserana.

Zvekungwaririra

Njodzi dzehutano: Utsi hweTDI hunokonzera njodzi huru kuhutano hwevanhu. Hunoshungurudza maziso, ganda, uye nzira dzekufema. Kugara kwenguva refu kana kakawanda kunogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano, kusanganisira matambudziko ekufema akadai sebronchitis, zviratidzo zvakaita seasthma, uye mune dzimwe nguva, zvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita sebronchiectasis uye chirwere chemwoyo chemapapu. Semuenzaniso, makonzo anosangana nehuwandu hwe (0.5 - 1)×10⁻⁶ kwemaawa matanhatu pazuva, kwemazuva mashanu kusvika gumi, akaratidzwa kuti anokundwa nemigumisiro ine chepfu. Muvanhu, kufema huwandu hwakaderera se0.0005mg/L kunogona kukonzera kukosora kwakanyanya uye kufema kushoma.

Njodzi dzeKupisa uye Kuputika: TDI imvura inobvira moto, uye utsi hwayo hunogona kugadzira musanganiswa unoputika nemhepo. Kana ikasangana nemoto wakavhurika, mapfari, kana kupisa kwakanyanya, pane njodzi huru yekutsva nekuputika. Nokudaro, nzira dzakakodzera dzekuchengetedza nekubata dzakakosha kudzivirira njodzi dzakadaro.
Kuchengeta neKubata: TDI inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, ine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka iri kure nezuva rakananga, masosi ekupisa, uye masosi ekupisa. Magaba ekuchengetera anofanira kuvharwa zvakasimba kudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo. Zvichienderana nekushanda kwayo nemvura nezvimwe zvinhu, inofanira kuchengetwa yakasiyana nezvinhu zvinogona kuita nayo, zvakaita se oxidizing agents. Panguva yekubata, michina yakakodzera yekudzivirira, kusanganisira magirovhosi anodzivirira makemikari, magirazi ekuchengetedza, uye dziviriro yekufema, inofanira kupfekwa kuderedza njodzi dzekusangana nayo.

Magadzirirwo

Pepa Rekudzora Hunhu