Bisphenol A (BPA): Muvaki Mukuru weZvinhu Zvine Simba Rakawanda
Kuongorora kwakadzama kweZvinhu zvePhysicochemical zveBasic
Maumbirwo Akasiyana eMamorekuru: Molekyuru yeBPA inoumbwa nemapoka maviri ephenolic hydroxyl akabatana nemapfupa epropane. Chimiro ichi chinoipa basa rakakosha remakemikari. Mapoka maviri ephenolic hydroxyl anopa BPA nucleophilicity yakasimba, zvichiita kuti ikwanise kuita zvakasiyana-siyana. Panguva imwe chete, mapfupa epropane anopa molekyuru mwero wakati wekusagadzikana uye steric constriction, zvichikanganisa kusarudza uye kushanda kweBPA mukuita kwakasiyana kwemakemikari.
Zvimiro zvemuviri: BPA ine poindi yekunyunguduka ye158 - 159°C, poindi yekufashaira inosvika 400.8°C, uye density yeinenge 1.195g/cm³. Poindi dzayo dzekunyunguduka uye dzekufashaira dzinoita kuti igare zvakanaka pasi pekupisa nekumanikidzwa kwakajairika, nepo density yayo yakakodzera ichiita basa mumamiriro ezvinhu anoda density chaiyo yezvinhu, senge mukugadzirira mamwe mapurasitiki nemaresini, uko density yeBPA inogona kukanganisa hunhu hwemuviri uye kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira. Inonyunguduka zvishoma mucarbon tetrachloride, hainyungudike mumvura, asi inonyunguduka mumhando dzakasiyana dze organic solvents, uye hunhu uhwu hwekunyunguduka hunosarudza reaction activity yayo uye nzira dzekushandisa muma solvent system akasiyana.
Fomu reKuongorora Hunhu hweBisphenol A
| Muongorori | Chikamu | Tsanangudzo | Mhedzisiro | Nzira Yekuyedza |
| Chitarisiko | / | Chena granular kana kuti flaked, Pasina tsvina yemakanika | Chena granular, Pasina tsvina yemakanika | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Bisphenol A | Mukati/% | ≥99.85 | 99.925 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Phenol | Mukati/% | ≤0.005 | 0.001 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| 2,4-Isomeri | Mukati/% | ≤0.050 | 0.01 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Nzvimbo yeCrystalline | °C | ≥156.6 | 157.2 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Chroma Yakanyungudutswa | Ruvara, Pt-Co (Chikamu cheHazen) | ≤20 | 10 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Mhinduro yeChroma | Ruvara, Pt-Co (Chikamu cheHazen) | / | 5 | GB/T 28113-2011 |
| Hunyoro | Mukati/% | ≤0.08 | 0.02 | GB/T 6283-2008 |
Mashandisirwo Akakosha Muminda Yakawanda
Kugadzira Mapurasitiki neResin:
Kugadzirwa kwePolycarbonate (PC): BPA ndiyo chinhu chikuru chekugadzira polycarbonate (PC). Polycarbonate inoonekwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana nekuda kwekujeka kwayo kwakanaka kwemaziso (kufambiswa kwechiedza kupfuura 90%), kuramba kusimba (kanopfuura 250 - 300 pane girazi remazuva ose), kusimba kwakanaka kwezvikamu, uye kuramba kupisa (kupisa kupisa kusvika 130 - 140°C). Muindasitiri yezvemagetsi nemagetsi, PC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira macasing emakombiyuta, nharembozha, nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, izvo zvisingape chete dziviriro yakavimbika yezvikamu zvemukati zvakanyatsonaka asi zvinowedzerawo kukwikwidzana kwemusika kwezvigadzirwa nekuda kwechitarisiko chazvo chakanaka uye magadzirirwo akanaka. Muindasitiri yemotokari, PC inoshandiswa kugadzira macasing emusoro wemotokari, macasing emidziyo, nezvimwe zvikamu. Kufambiswa kwemwenje wepamusoro kwecasing yemwenje kunoita kuti chiedza chekutyaira chivheneke husiku, nepo kusimba kwezvikamu zvemidziyo kuchivimbisa kusangana kwakarurama uye kuvimbika kwekushandisa kwenguva refu kwezvikamu. Mubasa rekuvaka, mapaneru ezuva akagadzirwa nePC, madenga emwenje, nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvivakwa zveveruzhinji zvakaita sezvitoro zvikuru uye nhandare dzemitambo nekuda kwekudzivirira kwavo kukanganiswa uye kufambiswa kwechiedza, zvichiita kuti pave nenzvimbo dzakachengeteka uye dzakajeka mukati.
Kugadzirwa kweEpoxy Resin: BPA chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira ma epoxy resin. Ma epoxy resin ane kunamira kwakanaka uye anogona kubatanidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sesimbi, huni, negirazi, saka ane chinzvimbo chakakosha mumunda wekunamira. Muindasitiri yendege, ma epoxy-based glues anoshandiswa kubatanidza zvikamu zvemuumbi wendege kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti chimiro chendege chakachengeteka uye chakachengeteka mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ekubhururuka. Panguva imwe chete, ma epoxy resin ane simba rakanaka rekudzivirira ngura yemakemikari uye insulation uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvekurongedza zvemagetsi. Semuenzaniso, ma circuit board muzvishandiso zvemagetsi anowanzo putirwa nema epoxy resin kudzivirira zvikamu zvemagetsi kubva mukukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuvandudza kugadzikana uye hupenyu hwebasa rezvishandiso zvemagetsi. Muchikamu chekunamira, ma epoxy resin coatings anoshandiswa kudzivirira pamusoro pesimbi, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira ngura yezvinhu zvemakemikari zvakaita seacids nealkalis uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rezvigadzirwa zvesimbi.
Mamwe Mashandisirwo Emakemikari Akanaka:
Kugadzirwa Kwezvinodzivisa Moto: Zvinodzivisa moto zvakaita se tetrabromobisphenol A zvinogona kugadzirwa kubva kuBPA. Kuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvinodzivisa moto kwakakosha zvikuru mumaindasitiri akadai sezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki nemachira. Muzvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki, zvinodzivisa moto zvinogona kuderedza kupisa kwezvinhu. Kana zvikasangana nechinhu chinobvira moto, gasi risingabatike rinoora kana ganda rakaumbwa rinogadzirwa nezvinhu zvinodzivisa moto zvinogona kudzivirira kutapurirana kweokisijeni nekupisa uye kudzivirira kupararira kwemoto. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera zvinodzivisa moto mumapurasitiki ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi nemagetsi kunogona kuderedza njodzi yemoto uye kuchengetedza hupenyu hwevanhu nezvinhu. Mumachira, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinodzivisa moto kunogona kuita kuti mbatya dzisatsve kana dzasangana nechinhu chinobvira moto uye kuderedza kukuvara kunokonzerwa nekupiswa kwembatya mumoto.
Zvinodzivirira kupisa: BPA inogona kushandiswa semushonga wekudzivirira kupisa uye wekudzivirira kupisa mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki nerabha. Munguva yekugadzirisa mapurasitiki, zvinhu zvakaita sekupisa kwakanyanya uye okisijeni zvinotungamira nyore nyore mukukwegura kwepurasitiki nekuora, zvichikanganisa mashandiro echigadzirwa uye hupenyu hwebasa. Semushonga wekudzivirira kupisa, BPA inogona kubata ma free radicals mupurasitiki, kudzivirira kutamiswa kwecheni ye oxidation reactions, uye kunonoka kukwegura kwemapurasitiki. Panguva imwe chete, semushonga wekudzivirira kupisa, BPA inogona kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemapurasitiki munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakakwira uye kudzivirira mapurasitiki kubva pakuora, kuchinja ruvara, uye mamwe matambudziko panguva yekugadzirisa kana kushandisa. Muzvigadzirwa zverabha, BPA inogonawo kuita basa rakafanana, kuvandudza kupisa uye oxygen rekudzivirira rabha uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa hwezvigadzirwa zverabha zvakaita sematairi emotokari nezvisimbiso zverabha.
Makakatanwa eKuchengetedzeka uye Mhinduro dzeMaindasitiri
Kuongorora Njodzi Dzehutano: BPA ine chepfu shoma uye inogona kufamba-famba uye kuchinja munzvimbo yakapoteredza uye mumuviri wemunhu. Ongororo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti BPA ine mhedzisiro yakafanana neestrogen uye inogona kukanganisa sisitimu ye endocrine yemunhu. Kunyanya kuvacheche, kukura kwesisitimu yavo yekubereka kunogona kukanganiswa, zvichikonzera zvirwere zvine chekuita nesisitimu yekubereka. Panguva imwe chete, BPA inogonawo kukonzera kusawirirana ne insulin, zvichikonzera matambudziko ehutano akadai seshuga yakakwira muropa uye kufuta. Mamwe maedzo emhuka akaratidza kuti mhuka dzekuedza dzakasangana neBPA kwenguva yakareba dzine kukura kusingawanzoitiki kwenhengo dzekubereka uye shanduko dzemaitiro. Kunyangwe tsvakiridzo pamusoro pemhedzisiro yeBPA pahutano hwevanhu ichiri kuenderera mberi, nyika zhinji dzakatora matanho ekudzora kushandiswa kweBPA muzvigadzirwa zvakati nekuda kwekunetseka nezvenjodzi dzehutano.
Zvirongwa zveIndasitiri uye Kuvandudzwa kweKutevedzera Mutemo: Tichifunga nezvemakakatanwa ekuchengetedza eBPA, nyika zhinji nenzvimbo pasi rose dzakatanga mitemo yakakodzera kudzora mashandisirwo ayo. Muna 2011, Bazi reHutano reChina nemamwe madhipatimendi matanhatu vakarambidza kushandiswa kweBPA mukugadzira, kupinza, uye kutengeswa kwemabhodhoro emukaka wevacheche. Nyika nenzvimbo dzakadai seUnited States, Canada, neEuropean Union dzakarambidzawo kushandiswa kweBPA mumapakeji ezvekudya, zvigadzirwa zvevacheche, nedzimwe nzvimbo. Vachitarisana nezvinodiwa izvi zvemutemo, indasitiri iri kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzeBPA, dzakadai sebisphenol S (BPS) nediphenyl sulfone. Panguva imwe chete, makambani ekugadzira ari kuramba achivandudza maitiro ekugadzira uye kusimbisa kudzora mhando yekuderedza huwandu hweBPA hunofamba uye kusangana nezvinodiwa nemutemo zvakanyanya uye zvinodiwa nevatengi zvekuchengetedza chigadzirwa vachifunga nezvekuita kwezvigadzirwa. Mukugadzirwa kwepolycarbonate ne epoxy resins, makambani anovandudza mwero wekushandurwa kweBPA uye anoderedza BPA yasara isina kugadziriswa muzvigadzirwa nekuvandudza mamiriro ekuita uye kugadzirisa masisitimu ecatalyst.
Magadzirirwo
| Zita rechigadzirwa | Bisphenol A | |||||||||
| Fomura yeMakemikari | C₁₅H₁₆O₂ | |||||||||
| Kurema kweMorekuru | 228.29 g/mol | |||||||||
| Chitarisiko | Upfu hwekristalline chena | |||||||||
| Nzvimbo Yokunyunguduka | 155–158°C | |||||||||
| Nzvimbo Yokubikira | 250–252°C | |||||||||
| Nhamba yeCAS | 80-05-7 | |||||||||
| Kodhi yeHS | 29072990 | |||||||||
| EINECS Kwete | 201-240-4 | |||||||||
| Kushandiswa | Inogadzira zvinhu zvinogadzirisa marara, zvinodzivisa moto, mishonga; inoshandiswa muzvipfeko/zvinonamira. | |||||||||
Pepa Rekudzora Hunhu
| Zita rechigadzirwa | Bisphenol A | ||||||
| CHINHU | Kukosha Kwakajairika (%) | Kukosha kwekuyedza (%) | |||||
| Bisphenol A Purity wt. (kana kuti, "kuchena kwemuviri"). | Zvishoma 99.85 | 99.93 | |||||
| Ruvara APHA | 5 Yakanyanya | 5 | |||||
| Phenol mg/kg | 100 yepamusoro | 56 | |||||
| Huwandu hwe phenol hwemahara % | 1000 yepamusoro | 230 | |||||
| Huremu hwemvura % | Huwandu hwepamusoro 0.1 | 0.03 | |||||
| Dota mg/kg | 5 Yakanyanya | 0 | |||||
| Iron mg/kg | Huwandu hwepamusoro 0.1 | 0.03 | |||||
Sei Uchifanira Kusarudza BPA Yedu?
Takazvipira kupa zvigadzirwa zveBPA zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvakagadzikana. Chinobatanidza chimwe nechimwe kubva pakutenga zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kusvika pakugadzira nekugadzirisa zvinhu chinotevera masisitimu ekudzora mhando kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvine kuchena kwakanyanya, tsvina shoma, uye zviratidzo zvese zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zveindasitiri. Tine timu yehunyanzvi yeR & D inogona kupa mhinduro dzakagadziriswa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi kuti ibatsire vatengi kuwana hunyanzvi nekuvandudza munzvimbo dzakadai sepurasitiki, resin, uye makemikari akanaka. Panguva imwe chete, tine kugona kwakanaka kwekutarisira zvigadzirwa kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvinopihwa panguva yakakodzera uye zvakagadzikana kuti zvisangane nezvinodiwa nevatengi pakugadzira kukuru. Mumamiriro emakakatanwa ekuchengetedza eBPA, tinonyatsoteerera maitiro ekutonga, tinoramba tichiisa mari muzviwanikwa zveR & D, uye tinokurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira akachengeteka uye akachengeteka kuti tipe vatengi zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa uye zvakavimbika.
Sarudzai BPA yedu, batanai kuti muite budiriro dzinoenderera mberi muchikamu chezvinhu zvinoshanda zvakanaka, sanganai nematambudziko, uye gadzirai kukosha kukuru.